Which grinding machine to choose: TOP 13 popular devices for grinding wood

To process parts made of wood and metal, plastic and other materials, you cannot do without a grinding machine. There are models on the market with belt or disc drives, traditional grinding units - the choice of offers is simply huge, and it is not always easy to make a decision.

Our review includes the best grinding machines with different standard designs. All of them are united by decent quality and high user ratings from people who know them in practice. The rating positions also took into account the affordability, ease of setup and practicality of this equipment.

How to choose an abrasive for grinding

Before purchasing consumables for a grinding machine or machine, pay attention to the product labeling. Typically, coarse abrasives are intended for rough grinding, sanding, stripping old paint, and preparing the surface for further processing. At its final stages, fine grain abrasives are used.

The durability of the grain is significantly influenced by the characteristics of the abrasive used. Zirconium oxide is the softest. For primary processing or high-quality cleaning of parts made of dense materials, silicon carbide is better suited.

The material used to make the base is slightly less important. Depending on the type of abrasive, it can be cotton, nylon, lavsan, polyester, etc. As a rule, synthetic materials are more resistant to wear than natural ones. If careful polishing is necessary, it is optimal to purchase felt consumables.

It is important to check the compliance of the abrasive sizes with the parameters of the equipment and the specifics of the tasks being solved.

• Sanding belts have a closed shape and may well be slightly narrower than the installation platform.
• The abrasive sheets must fit perfectly to the substrate. This is necessary not only for high-quality processing, but also for more effective removal of pollutants.
• To grind wood, stone and metal with a grinder, it is better to buy a standard wheel with a solid base. But for products with complex shapes, the petal type is more suitable.

We should not forget about the method of fastening - the fixation must be reliable and not create internal tension.

For uniform clamping, you can use special pads. Well-proven methods also include fastening with bolts and flanges.

For one-time use, we recommend purchasing a Velcro abrasive.

Machine devices

The degree of surface leveling depends on the type of abrasive material and the design features of the machine. It is quite difficult to carry out high-quality grinding with brushed hand tools, since by mechanizing the process it is possible not only to increase productivity, but to bring the accuracy of part size and roughness to the highest level.

Consider the devices of a typical grinding machine:

1. working body represented by an abrasive surface;
2. a bed with special dimensions and shape, which allows you to stir the workpiece at a slight angle;
3. a device that allows for circular processing;
4. a stop that allows processing in a horizontal plane.

In the manufacture of the frame, cast iron or steel is often used, since these materials are able to withstand a large load and redistribute it to eliminate vibration. When creating such a device with your own hands, cast iron is often used, since it has a lower cost.

Main characteristics

There are several main points to consider when choosing a model. These include:

1. power is the main parameter that should be taken into account. power is determined by which electric motor is installed. For production needs, an electric motor with a power of 1 kW or more is often installed. In everyday life, it will be enough to use an electric motor with a power of 400 W. It is also worth paying attention to which network the motor can be connected to: 220 V or 320 V;
2. The width of the working surface also affects the result of the work performed. As a rule, the larger the installed belt or drum, the greater the performance of the model. however, an increase in size leads to the fact that it is more difficult to install the machine, since it becomes more difficult to find free space;
3. the speed of movement of the abrasive element is also one of the most important points. Despite the fixed rotation rate of the output spindle of the electric motor, the speed of movement of the abrasive can be different, which is achieved by a special drive. for example, the movement limit is from 350 to 1800 meters per minute;
4. The dimensions of the machine are important, since this indicator differs from the indicator of the dimensions of the working surface.

These points should be taken into account when choosing the most suitable model. For example, the brush material can also vary significantly.

Video description

Video specialist discusses the question of how to choose a grinder:

Selection Specifications

Any power tool is divided into classes. They are based not only on the price of the product, but also on the service life. Therefore, when the question is asked which sander to choose for wood, first of all the choice must be made between household and professional ones.

They differ from each other in that household ones can be used for a short time. Usually no more than 3 hours, taking periodic breaks for 15 minutes. A professional tool does not require breaks and can work for 8-12 hours. That is, they have many times more resources. Because high-quality, and therefore more expensive, parts and components are used in their production.

It should be noted that some manufacturers today offer a kind of intermediate option, which is called semi-professional. At the same time, we would like to add that some brands of household tools are not inferior in their characteristics to semi-professional ones. So don't overpay.

The simplest homemade machine

A grinding machine can significantly simplify the life of a home craftsman, but it has one significant drawback - the price. It is not difficult to get around this obstacle. Using a minimum of materials and tools, they make simple wood grinding machines with their own hands.

An engine from an old washing machine is best suited as the power unit for a home grinding machine. The choice of device configuration depends on the preferences of the master; the best option for most work in a home workshop is a homemade belt-type machine. It is easy to manufacture and allows you to perform a wide range of work.

Frame

To work in a home workshop, it is hardly worth making a stationary machine; it is enough to make a portable device that, if necessary, can be installed on a workbench.

The best material for the frame is a metal corner or square pipe. Connection - welding or bolts. In any case, the frame must be stable, and the engine must be securely mounted on it.

Where is it most often used?

As a rule, a grinding machine is used only in large-scale production. However, some manufacturers produce smaller models that can be placed in a garage and used for repair and construction work. In addition, with the help of such a tool a person can create unique things and set up his own business, albeit a small one.

This device offers the ability to process an object over a long period. Products made of wood, metal, stone or granite are suitable for work. The main thing is to choose the right nozzle. Therefore, this device can be found in almost any industry. Consumables are sold in all construction stores at an affordable price.

Video description

The video shows how not to work with a vibration sander:
So, having considered three types, you can clearly answer the question: which sander is better: an eccentric, or a vibration, or a belt. And the answer is: there is no point in comparing them. Although they all perform the same operation, they solve the task assigned to them in different ways. Moreover, the vibration model is intended only for finishing. This means that before using it, it will be necessary to carry out rough cleaning using either a belt version or an eccentric one.

Criteria for selecting grinders

Now let's move on to the question - which sander to choose. It will all depend on what you want to do. As practice shows, craftsmen always purchase two varieties: for rough cleaning and finishing. Therefore, the best option is a pair in the form of an eccentric and a tape machine. If the task is to polish pieces of furniture, then you cannot do without an oscillating tool.

If you don’t want to work with the tape version, then we can recommend two eccentric ones with different sizes of the eccentric itself. Fortunately, manufacturers offer several options. For example, if the eccentric is 6-8 mm, then such a tool is used for rough processing. If the parameter is 2-4 mm, then for finishing. However, it should be noted that a good eccentric sander is not cheap.

If your budget does not allow you to purchase an expensive and high-quality tool, buy an angle machine. But you will have to purchase either an orbital or a vibration one for it. The second is cheaper than the first, but less productive. In addition, the latter is considered a universal tool for sanding wood.

FAQ

Which type of machine is better?

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To work in hard-to-reach places, it is better to purchase a straight model. It is more convenient to work on large surfaces with a tape machine. Vibrating, polishing and eccentric tools are suitable for final stripping. When processing products of non-standard shape, delta grinders are used. Angler grinders (grinders) are still considered the most universal.

What type of grinding machine should be installed in production?

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For intensive sanding and final polishing of wood or plywood parts, you can purchase a drum machine. A disc device will also do an excellent job of leveling corners or removing awnings. These are the models that are usually installed in furniture factories. For small-scale production, a compact draw frame will suffice. If the range of tasks is quite wide and varied, choose a surface grinding machine. This equipment has a wide range of functions and is used for the most accurate processing of parts.

Safety when working with grinding equipment

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To ensure safety when working with a machine or machine, you should follow the basic operating rules. Before starting use, you must take a stable position, check that the part is securely fixed, and put on safety glasses. It is important to avoid sudden movements when bringing the workpiece and abrasive closer together. In the event of an unexpected increase in vibration levels, we advise you to interrupt the grinding process until the causes are eliminated.

Best Belt Sanders

Belt sanders are highly productive. Therefore, it is advisable to use them when it is necessary to quickly process wooden surfaces of a large area.

The grinding tool in these machines is an abrasive belt, closed in an endless ring and stretched between two horizontal shafts. Therefore, in fact, these grinders are called belt grinders.

Model Bosch PBS 75 AE

750 W two-handed sander. Intended for processing various wooden surfaces, for example, walls made of timber or logs. Tape width 75 mm. Equipped with a system for smoothly adjusting the speed of the main shaft. Device weight 5.6 kg.

+ Pros of Bosch PBS 75 AE

1. High productivity allows you to process large areas in a short period of time.
2. Removable front handle. Thanks to this, you can sand the wooden floor in the area where it adjoins the wall.
3. The ease of replacing the sanding belt reduces the time it takes to prepare the machine for work.
4. A powerful vacuum cleaner that collects almost all the dust that is generated during sanding. The bag can be easily removed for cleaning.
5. Smooth start system for sanding belt.
6. Availability of a plastic storage case. Convenient to transport.

— Cons of Bosch PBS 75 AE

1. Relatively large mass. Prolonged work on vertical planes causes fatigue.
2. The short power cord limits freedom of action. You have to additionally use an extension cord.
3. Weak fixation of the wheel that regulates the speed - during the grinding process it is necessary to constantly monitor its position.
4. Increased noise level.

Conclusion. The Bosch PBS 75 AE 0.603.2A1.120 machine has higher productivity compared to other models in the same class. This makes it a good choice for entrepreneurs who provide paid services and are interested in quickly completing work. Due to the fairly high price, purchasing a machine for household use only seems impractical.

Model Metabo BAE 75

A hand-held sander designed for processing any wood. Power is 1 kW. The standard width of the sanding belt is 75 mm. The device is equipped with electronic speed control of the main shaft and a system for maintaining a constant belt speed. Weight 4.7 kg.

+ Pros Metabo BAE 75

1. Excellent equipment, including a hex key, longitudinal stop, adapters for a dust collector, and an additional handle.
2. Thoughtful ergonomics ensure comfortable work. Even prolonged grinding does not cause fatigue.
3. Low noise level expands the possibilities of using the machine.
4. The kit includes a device for transforming the machine into a stationary grinding machine.
5. Long power cable that does not lose elasticity.

— Cons of Metabo BAE 75

1. Heavyness. Prolonged grinding of vertical surfaces leads to fatigue, which in turn reduces productivity.
2. Poor location of the center of gravity - in the upper part. This is a common reason for the machine to fall over and for the formation of unsightly marks on the sanded surface.
3. The wheel that regulates the speed of the main shaft turns hard. This makes it difficult to set the desired parameter.

Conclusion. A budget model that is suitable for both home and commercial use. In the latter case, good maintainability will be a very valuable property. Metabo BAE 75 600375000 differs from other draw machines in its more sophisticated ergonomics, thanks to which people without much experience can operate this machine.

Model Makita 9403

1200 Watt sander with large dust bag. Tape width 100 mm. Comes with an additional handle. Belt speed up to 500 m/min. Weight is 5.7 kg.

+ Pros of Makita 9403

1. High power determines excellent performance. The machine is suitable for high-speed processing of large wooden surfaces.
2. Low noise level allows the device to be used at any site. There is no need to wear headphones or take any other safety precautions.
3. Convenient grinding. Installing a second handle on the machine makes it possible to increase the duration of work and improve the quality of processing.
4. Good dust collector. Conveniently located and does not interfere with work. It collects all the dust without leaving a trace.
5. The simplicity of the design makes it easy to maintain and replace the belt.

— Cons of Makita 9403

1. The sole wears out quickly. You have to take frequent breaks from work to allow the platform to cool down.
2. Large mass. Difficult to work on vertical surfaces.
3. No belt speed adjustment. Therefore, the time it takes to complete the work greatly depends on the hardness of the wood. Hardwood sands slowly and sometimes requires re-sanding.

Conclusion. In terms of performance, it can be classified as an industrial design. An excellent choice for craftsmen who carry out apartment renovations, namely sanding floors, including parquet floors. More massive in comparison with other grinders, but much quieter than many competitors.

Video description

In the video, a specialist reviews eccentric sanders with different amplitudes:

And the last ones are the selection criteria for vibration models:

1. Power ranges from 130-600 W.
2. Sole shape: rectangular, square or triangular. The latter does not have a strict triangular configuration. It resembles the soleplate of an iron.
3. Outsole sizes are not standard. That is, each brand has its own parameters and its own size range.
4. Amplitude of movement. That is, the displacement of the sole during vibration. Here the plug is from 1.5 to 5 mm. Here the relationship is as follows: the smaller the amplitude, the cleaner the grinding, but the lower the productivity of the unit.
5. Stroke frequency. This characteristic indicates how many times per second the sole makes reciprocating movements. The fork is 6000-26000 rpm. It is good if the device is equipped with a stroke frequency setting.

Attention! Let us repeat once again that vibrating sanders used for wood processing are intended for final cleaning only. Therefore, fine-grain sandpaper is installed on them. By the way, the latter is put on the platform and secured to it with special clamps. At the same time, holes are made on the sandpaper to remove dust.