Types of glue. Descriptions, names and applications of types of glue

Types of glue for mirrors

What types of mirror glue ? Reflection helps not only to see your beloved self in all its glory, but also to change the geometry of space. You can make the room wider or brighter. But what if you don’t want to make holes in the mirror?

Mirror glue Titan

Then there are several mounting options that allow you to place reflective glass on a wall, or, say, a door. Such compositions should not contain any acids, the same applies to alkali. If you try to classify them, then these are:

solvent based binders. Here you need to take the time to read the label. It should contain an explanation that the selected product can be used not only for glass, but also for our purposes. There you can find substances that will destroy the amalgam over time, and your decor will become unusable. But there is also a plus - the price.
on silicones. These are more expensive, but the quality will please you. They fasten securely. True, don’t expect an instant effect; it will take time for the surfaces to “set.”
and combined.

Very often, stores offer “liquid nails” for purposes. They are divided into acrylic (their plus is safety. But! They will not withstand contact with water; high temperatures will also be detrimental to such a connection.

If you plan to attach the mirror to metal or tiles, look for another option, these will not cope with this task), and neoprene (synthetic rubber as the main component allows you not to worry about the reflective surface falling off the tile. But remember that you will have to put up with an unusually toxic odor during work).

Recommendations from the experts

Before diluting any type of glue, you need to prepare the wood: clean it from dust, degrease it, and dry it. It is important to comply with other conditions:

Checking readiness during cooking: lift the thin surface film with a stick. If it flows in a trickle, the composition is ready; if the liquid drips down, it is not ready.
The temperature of wood glue during operation should be in the range from 31 to 68 degrees.
A large amount of glue cannot be prepared at once; it thickens in 1.5–2 hours; you must take into account the amount of work.
The composition should be applied using a small brush, but the seam layer should not be more than 2 mm, leave for 3-4 minutes, then connect the parts, otherwise the glue will come out en masse.
The surfaces to be glued are tightly tied with twine or pressed with a clamp.
To increase the moisture resistance of a homemade solution, you can add natural drying oil or linseed oil to the composition at the rate of 40 grams of glue dry matter and 10 grams of drying oil.
When wood ash is added to a hot finished mass, an adhesive paste is formed, with its help it is easy to achieve a strong connection with wood of dissimilar materials: glass, ceramics, metal.
Before using any glue, the surface of the product should be made not only clean, but also rough. This will increase the adhesive properties of the glue.

When choosing wood glue in a store, it is better to ask a consultant for advice; you need to accurately describe to him the scope of the work, the characteristics of the wood, and the purpose of household items. The quality guarantee is determined by the use of glue for its intended purpose.

Types of wallpaper glue

Now let's explore the types of wallpaper glue . As a rule, it is a light powder that looks like laundry detergent. But no one sprinkles it on the walls, naturally. First you need to dilute it with water. It also happens that they sell already mixed solutions of a jelly-like substance (the container must be airtight).

If you don’t want to bother and look for a narrowly targeted composition, just take a universal one. But keep in mind that in order not to let you down in any situation, such glue requires special chemicals. additives, of which there are many. If this doesn't scare you, then go ahead.

In addition to the reasonable price, this option is also good because you don’t need to stock up on a bunch of packages with different compositions if you have to work with different surfaces. Manufacturers have thought about this and offer us to dilute the powder in different proportions.

Types of wallpaper glue

For weightless rolls - thinner, and thicker - for heavier ones. Don’t want to take risks, and are you afraid of the possibility that all your work will go down the drain? – then choose a special glue.

For paper ones.

Your plans do not include huge expenses for home decoration, and have you chosen the most budget option - paper wallpaper? Then the “lubricant” for them should be appropriate. It won’t hurt your wallet, and it won’t break the fragile structure of this finish. All this about glue for paper wallpaper. Many, by the way, still use our parents’ method, which proved itself in the 80s. We are talking about preparing the composition yourself. Such craftsmen take starch or flour and make a paste from it. Cheap and cheerful, as they say. But, if we are talking, for example, about a dacha, then why not.
KMC. The good thing is that you don’t need to calculate very precisely how much of this mass you will need today. After you mix it with water, you can count on the fact that this composition will not become unusable within 7 days. But! Before you start applying it, you will have to wait, because in order for the solution to infuse, you need to allow about 5 hours, it may take a little more or a little less time. Did you wait? Time for another mandatory procedure - we pass the liquid through gauze, this is necessary so that it turns out homogeneous and the lumps are eliminated. Yes, it's labor intensive. But how economical. They took a pack for fifty rubles and calmed down, because it was enough for 50 square meters of area.
PVA. Here, of course, you can’t get by with fifty dollars, the option is more expensive. But no lumps. True, to smear it evenly, it will take skill.

All these products are capable of fixing not only simple paper decor, but also more modern paper-based wallpapers.

For vinyl.

The most important thing for them is weight. These rolls are very heavy. So they need appropriate “fasteners”. Typically, such glue is based on methylcellulose (premium segment, literally impregnates the coating), or special. starch (budget segment). It is not the walls that need to be treated, but the rolls themselves.

If you work in the kitchen or bathroom, take a product with additives to combat the effects of moisture (mold, mildew). If you are afraid that you will miss any areas when applying, then there are compositions with a bright color, so that the transparent layer does not confuse you. After you have attached the fragment to the wall, you can not be afraid to move it, adjusting the joints.

For non-woven fabrics.

Since these layers are even heavier than the previous ones, they need a reinforced binder formula. The composition of non-woven adhesive is similar to the above, but more concentrated + certain inclusions. This time we lubricate not the sheets, but the wall. For 300 grams of such a bulk product you need to pay at least about 150 rubles.

For textiles and fiberglass.

Here a “powerful” dispersion composition is used. It will quickly “nail” the canvas to a vertical surface. You don’t have to mess with it; the Vedas sell a ready-made liquid mixture. It will take about a day to be sure that the glue has completely dried.

Types of glass glue

Let's continue and find out what types of glass glue .

Reliable, but does not dry quickly. This is all about the glue, which needs UV rays to harden. Without them, the process simply will not work. And one more condition: no colored or tinted glass. More specifically, at least one of the two bonded surfaces must be transparent. The result will be the same for the seam. It will also easily cope with temperature fluctuations, withstand water ingress, and even intense attempts to destroy the connection. It is used in furniture and jewelry making.
The cinacrylate composition will dry instantly and set just as quickly. It can be used to attach a glass sheet to both plastic and wooden parts. Can even be used where a coat of paint has been applied. With all these advantages, there is a significant “but” - fear of water.
Heat resistant. Indispensable where work is done, for example, with household appliances (oven, kettle). As the name suggests, such heat is not dangerous for him.
Silicate. This is a favorite material of builders. It can be used in interior decoration and various crafts. There is plenty to roam around here – colors for every taste. It is produced using silicone.
Various types of liquid glue that are used in everyday life. If, for example, some small thing breaks, then there is no need to purchase special equipment to restore it. compound. Some superglue, which is found in every home, will do just fine.

Glass glue

Types of glue for rubber

It's time to list what types of rubber glue . It can be useful not only for motorists who decide to patch their tires, but also for parents who are trying to repair their child’s ball, or their favorite air mattress. When you approach the store counter, you will be faced with the following choice:

Safer, it contains natural rubber. As an addition, sulfur is mixed in. It can connect not only rubber, but also leather and even textiles. But it is not suitable for industrial purposes; it will not withstand any kind of aggression, nor will it withstand temperature changes.
With artificial fillers (synthetic rubber includes artificial resins).

Such mixtures work under different conditions. Some need heat, while others will need normal room temperature to harden. The finished seam can be easily wetted; even salt water is not harmful to it. But the connection must be placed under pressure for a sufficiently long time.

Types of rubber glue

If we consider the forms of the proposed product, we come across such an option as “liquid rubber”. This paste is polyurethane based. It is quite flexible, fluid (will fill any cracks), moisture will not pass through it.

Types of wood glue

types of wood glue on our list . Not only wooden parts are attached to it, but also cardboard. And yet, it is difficult to imagine furniture production without such a product. Because it does not pose a danger to our health.

No pungent odors or components that are corrosive to the eyes. With all this, the connection is reliable and does not break even after years. There are several varieties of this mixture, but they are all united by one base - protein.

Bone. Very popular. Looks like very small peas or briquettes. The raw materials are collagen, cysteine, and another component is gelatin. All these substances are extremely viscous. And they are obtained from animal skeletons; they can also use horns and hooves. It can be beige or bright brown. The first is preferable, cleaner. To use it, you need to soak it for several hours. Afterwards there will be a heating procedure (only through a water bath), a maximum of 60 degrees.

Wood glue

The finished seam is good, but not in a bathhouse or in a bathroom. It will absorb moisture and collapse. Often during work, an antiseptic is injected into it. The price of the composition does not bite.

Mezdrovy. Animal skins are used in production. From them, the flesh is extracted, which serves as the basis for glue. The appearance and process of preparing the composition is similar to the previous one.
Fishy. And here we cannot do without natural raw materials, this time in the form of fish covers and fins. It is not water resistant, but the seams are invisible and quite flexible. In its original form it appears as small plates of a golden hue.
Casein. Oddly enough, it is made from dried cottage cheese. It also looks like this dairy product - a powdery mass. When you have mixed the composition with water, start working immediately, because its shelf life is short, only a few hours. To ensure that the mixture turns out uniform, you need to try, otherwise lumps cannot be avoided. Another difficulty: do not dilute it; if it thickens, consider throwing it away. And be careful, not every type of wood will withstand such proximity; the color may change.

How to make wood glue with your own hands

Making a carpentry product with your own hands has several options, but they are all based on softening and heating the mass.

During the manufacturing process you will need the following materials and tools:

glue in any form;
purified water;
container for cooking.

Cooking steps:

If the glue is taken in tiles, then it must be crushed (wrapped in cloth, chopped with a hammer).
Place the particles in a container and pour water so that it completely covers the original material, leave for up to 12 hours (depending on the type of glue).

For pouring, only cooled boiled water is used.

Place the resulting mass in a water bath for 10–15 minutes at a temperature of 70–80 degrees with constant stirring to avoid the formation of lumps.
During cooking, hot water is added to obtain the desired consistency.
If there is a film on the surface of the mass, remove the container from the heat.

Use the glue while it has not cooled down, since when it cools, all properties are lost. Various components are added to provide additional qualities.

Useful video on the topic:

Types of PVA glue

There are also types of carpentry glue PVA . Yes, it's not natural. But it is not toxic and can be used without fear. Moreover, use not only solid pieces of wood, but also various modifications, such as fiberboard, plywood, etc.

There is no need to dilute or soak anything here, this is a completely ready-made composition. When it dries, it will be transparent (initially polyvinyl acetate is white), elastic, and its strength will not let you down.

PVA glue

If you need glue that can withstand the conditions of a bathhouse or hammam with their constant humidity, then you will have to “conjure” it yourself. You will need cottage cheese, to which you will need to add slaked lime and rosin powder.

If for some reason you are not satisfied with all of the above options, then there are also synthetic compounds. But when using them, you will need to put up with a very unpleasant “aroma”; these pores are toxic. In addition, the risk of running into a fake with a dubious composition increases significantly.

Construction adhesive for its intended purpose

Special types of adhesives are required to bond different materials. There is no universal composition that can work equally well with all building materials.

According to their intended purpose, construction adhesives are divided into groups for:

Tiles.
Floor coverings.
Wallpaper.
Drywall.
Masonry.
Skirting boards.

These are not all the uses of glue. Some varieties are used much less frequently due to the low prevalence of the materials for which they are intended for gluing. Many compositions have solvent properties and are therefore incompatible with certain building materials. Special types of glue are produced especially for them.

Tile adhesive

Dry construction adhesive is usually used to glue tiles. It requires preparation. To do this, the dry mixture is mixed with water in the exact proportion indicated on the package. As a rule, tile adhesive has a cement base. Moreover, unlike masonry families with almost the same components, it has minimal shrinkage. This is due to the use of fine filler. Less common are ready-made one-component and two-component adhesives. It has a paste-like consistency. As a rule, it is used for gluing mosaics.

When choosing tile adhesive, the defining qualities are:

Tile size.
Color.
Compatible with heated floors.
Use outdoors or indoors.

When purchasing tile adhesive, you need to pay attention to the recommended size of tiles it is compatible with. The compositions differ in their adhesive strength. Adhesive for small-format tiles does not have sufficient fastening properties to hold large-format tiles.

The vast majority of tile adhesives are cement gray in color. Their disadvantage is that they leave marks on white surfaces. When working with them when laying light tiles and mosaics, you must act with extreme caution. To solve this problem, ready-made white glue and dry glue based on white cement are used. The cost of such compositions is 2-3 times higher.

When laying tiles together with a “warm floor” system, a special construction adhesive is required that maintains elasticity. This allows it to compensate for thermal contractions and expansions of the base. This glue has a corresponding mark on the packaging.

For floor coverings

Specialized mounting compounds are used. They allow you to tie the decorative floor to the sub-base.

This glue is used for installation:

Linoleum.
Carpet.
Engineering board.
Vinyl and quartz vinyl tiles.
Parquet.
Laminate.

These are highly specialized compounds. That is, linoleum glue is not suitable for gluing engineered boards, etc. These are ready-made paste mixtures supplied in buckets or jars. They are applied to the surface using a comb spatula in a thin layer. Flooring adhesives should be used with caution. There are flooring compounds on sale that do not need to be glued at all. An example of this is laminate flooring. This flooring should be laid using floating floor technology. That is, it cannot be tied to the base and rested against the walls, so that it can freely expand and contract as environmental conditions change. If the laminate is glued, it can rise on the locks and become deformed.

It is really correct to lay only linoleum, carpet, engineered wood, and quartz tiles with construction adhesive. As for parquet, this is only allowed in a dry room with a constant temperature, and only if the board is made of hard wood.

For wallpaper

Dry and ready-made adhesives are used. They usually use modified starch or cellulose as a binding component.

When choosing wallpaper glue, you need to start from what kind of wallpaper you need to paste:

Paper.
Vinyl.
Glass wallpaper.
Non-woven.

A special composition has been developed for each type of wallpaper. If, for example, you use a product for vinyl wallpaper to glue paper ones, the latter will become deformed and will not hold securely.

Wallpaper glue should be used in excess. The recommended consumption indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging is always underestimated. For example, when working with glass wallpaper and painting fiberglass, the actual consumption of glue packaging instead of 30 m² in practice will be 10-18 m².

For drywall

These compounds are used for gluing drywall to walls and ceilings without using a mounting profile.

For the Civil Code the following are used:

Dry gypsum glue.
Polyurethane adhesive foam.

This glue is applied pointwise to a sheet of drywall, after which it is applied to the wall or ceiling and leveled. This type of installation allows you to minimize the gap between the rough surface and the main body.

Gypsum and polyurethane construction adhesives for drywall differ significantly in ease of use. The first comes in bags, weighing 15-25 kg, and requires preparation. Polyurethane glue is supplied in cylinders weighing up to 700 g. To use it, you need a spray foam gun. One bottle allows you to replace 1-2 bags of gypsum glue. Using adhesive foam you can speed up installation and avoid increasing humidity in the room.

Masonry adhesive

Used when working with aerated concrete, foam concrete, brick and other blocks.

For these purposes, various compositions are used:

Dry cement, requiring preparation.
Adhesive foam.

Dry cement glue is mixed with water. It is laid using a comb, so it has low consumption. Its advantage is the ability to adjust the height of the gaps between the blocks. This is useful if they have sizing errors. In this case, the masonry turns out smooth. The disadvantage of cement adhesive is its weight. It is difficult to lift it onto scaffolding and carry it along the walls being built. It stains the walls, screed, and lintels.

Adhesive foam is more practical, especially when working with blocks with ideal geometry. It provides super-reliable fastening, but does not level out unevenness at all. When laying a block with a deviation in size, the result is that you have to trim the entire row to remove nicks. When working with adhesive foams, the speed of laying increases; in addition, it is possible to erect more rows at a time than when laying under a comb

Construction adhesive for baseboards

It has a fairly wide scope of use, in addition to its original application. It is supplied in tubes for mounting gun. The adhesive differs in composition depending on the material for which it is to be used. For example, so-called “liquid nails” are used for installing plastic and MDF skirting boards. For ceiling plinths, polystyrene adhesive is suitable, from which they are usually made.

Types of adhesive for ceramic tiles

There are also special types of tile adhesives. You can find them in the form of a dry substance, a liquid one, and, as an option, a special one. paste. All of them are divided according to composition and purpose. First let's examine the content:

Cement plays the role of the base. The sand component and special additives are also introduced here. They allow you to add flexibility, endurance and hygroscopicity.
On resins (epoxy). Super grippy. You can safely attach ceramics to metal and even to wooden surfaces. Water will not pass through it, so pool bowls will not be a test for the composition. As well as exposure to various substances, corrosion will not occur. But the cost will be more impressive than the previous option. And before work, you need to introduce special into the liquid component. hardener. Without it, the composition is useless.
Dispersive. Golden mean. They are not very expensive. But the quality does not suffer. They can also be used for outdoor work. Very “tenacious”, and will easily work with plasterboard, plastic and curved surfaces on which the tiles need to be fixed.
We can’t help but mention the specials. "liquid Nails". Yes, they have an unpleasant, pungent odor and are not safe if they get on your skin. But their fixing characteristics are excellent. Craftsmen use this option, most often for restoration or replacement of a cracked area.

Tile adhesive

Also, types of tile adhesive are divided according to the purpose of use:

For indoor conditions. There are minimal additives in it, so it doesn’t tolerate any special whims.
Particularly “tenacious”. Holds even large-format ceramics in place.
For working with floors. It will fill any gaps as much as possible and is very flexible.
With protection against leaks. The hydrophobic composition is not a cheap pleasure. But where it constantly flows, you can’t live without it.
Specialist. compositions. Each of them includes a component with a specific focus, for example, protection from frost, or vice versa, heat. There are also those that are designed for transparent products; their color does not spoil the overall picture.

Moisture resistant glue

Among synthetic adhesives there are a lot of compounds with waterproof properties. At home, you need to use waterproof casein glue:

How to prepare the mixture:

Take 1 gram of slaked lime, 4 grams of rosin powder, 20 grams of casein mixture.
Dilute 40 ml with water, leave for up to 2.5–3 hours for swelling.
Heat in a water bath, add 10 ml of an aqueous solution of borax 1 gram, cool.
Pour 20 ml of water with 2 ml of ammonia into the mixture and mix.

This moisture-resistant adhesive remains waterproof for many years.